In terms of copper production, it’s Chile that accounts for the lion’s share of world output. However, there are still several other countries with significant operations, including neighboring Peru, as well as China, the United States and Russia.

Iron (Fe) is a metallic element which constitutes about 5% of the Earth’s crust and is the fourth most abundant element in the crust. Iron ores are rocks from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The principal iron ores are hematite (Fe2O3) and ...

Bauxite is the main raw material used in the commercial production of alumina (Al2O3) and aluminium metal, although some clays and other materials can be utilised to produce alumina. Bauxite is a heterogeneous, naturally occurring material of varying compositi...

Australia’s Economic Demonstrated Resources (EDR) are estimated to be 969.59 kilotonnes (kt) of graphite in 2013, compared to 589 kt in 2012. All Australia’s EDR of graphite is located in South Australia (792.81 kt) and Western Australia (176.77 kt). The Sou...

Australia's total demonstrated resources of copper rose by 4 million tonnes (Mt) in 2012 to 137 Mt, with SA, NSW and Qld contributing most of the increase.Similarly, Australia's Economic Demonstrated Resources (EDR) of copper rose by 4 Mt to 91.1 Mt, an increa...

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock formed predominantly from plant material that has been deposited in ancient marshy environments. Through burial over long periods of geological time, the plant material is transformed by microbial action, pressure and hea...

Australian brown coal or lignite is a low rank, low ash, high moisture content coal. In Australia, brown coal is currently considered unsuitable for export and is used primarily to generate electricity in domestic power stations. Deposits of brown coal in Aust...

China Encouraged Private Capital to Invest on Banks