Morgan called on Germany's energy sector to advance rapidly in its decarbonisation plans, with coal ideally to be phased out by 2030.

The country produced 3.44 billion tonnes of raw coal during the period, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.

It found that mild weather over Australia's winter led to lower demand for electricity over the period.

Coal is a main export commodity of Mongolia, which is rich in natural resources.

Japan’s JFE Steel Corp is in talks to buy a stake in the metallurgical coal business of Canada’s Teck Resources, two people aware of the development said, adding to the list of suitors that also includes miner Glencore.

Coal miner Whitehaven Coal has struck $3.2-billion deal with diversified miner BHP and Mitsubishi Development to acquire the Duania and Blackwater metallurgical coal mines in Queensland.

Last year alone, Shanxi produced over 1.3 billion tonnes of coal. It has set a coal output target of nearly 1.37 billion tonnes for 2023.

The company and Indonesian energy and mineral resources ministry could not be reached for comment.